Contractures

Contractures in Mississauga

Contractures refer to the tightening or shortening of muscles, tendons, or other tissues, leading to the restriction of movement in a joint. This condition can result from a variety of causes, including injury, disease, or prolonged immobility. Contractures can significantly impair an individual’s ability to perform daily activities, making it crucial to address them promptly.

In this article, we’ll explore the causes and symptoms of contractures, discuss the most effective therapies for managing the condition, and offer insights into prevention and treatment options to improve mobility.

Causes and Symptoms of Contractures

Contractures can develop for many reasons. Common causes include:

• Prolonged immobility: Staying in one position for extended periods, such as during hospitalization or bed rest, can cause muscles and tissues to tighten, leading to contractures.
• Trauma or injury: After an injury, the body may attempt to heal in a shortened position, causing the tissues around the joint to become tight and stiff.
• Neurological conditions: Conditions such as stroke, cerebral palsy, and multiple sclerosis can affect the nerves, leading to muscle imbalances and the development of contractures.
• Burns: Severe burns often cause scarring, which can restrict movement if the skin tightens over a joint.
• Arthritis: Joint inflammation from arthritis can result in the shortening of surrounding tissues and the eventual development of contractures.

The symptoms of contractures are typically related to the restricted movement of the affected joint or limb. Common signs include:

• Limited range of motion: Difficulty or inability to fully extend or flex the joint.
• Pain or discomfort: Tightness or pain in the affected area, especially when attempting to move the joint.
• Stiffness: The affected joint or area may feel stiff and immobile.
• Deformity: In some cases, contractures can lead to visible deformities in the joint or surrounding tissues, such as a bent or flexed position that cannot be corrected.

Effective Therapies for Contractures

While contractures can be challenging to manage, there are several therapies that can help reduce tightness, improve mobility, and prevent further complications:

Physiotherapy for Contractures
Physiotherapy is one of the most effective treatments for contractures. A physiotherapist will work with you to develop a plan that includes targeted stretching exercises, manual therapy, and joint mobilization techniques. The goal is to improve flexibility, restore function, and reduce muscle tightness. Physiotherapists may also incorporate functional exercises to help you regain movement in your everyday activities.

Manual Therapy for Contractures
Manual therapy, such as soft tissue manipulation or myofascial release, can be helpful in addressing the tightness caused by contractures. These hands-on techniques are designed to relieve tension in the muscles and fascia surrounding the joint. Manual therapy can also improve circulation and help break up scar tissue, which may be contributing to the restriction in movement.

Stretching and Strengthening Exercises
Stretching exercises are essential for maintaining or improving flexibility in the affected joint. A physiotherapist can guide you through a stretching routine designed to target the specific muscles and tissues involved in the contracture. Additionally, strengthening exercises may be included to help support the joint and prevent future contractures from developing.

Splinting and Bracing
In some cases, splinting or bracing can be used to help maintain the joint in a more neutral or extended position. These devices are often used to prevent further shortening of the tissues and to gradually improve the range of motion over time.

Heat Therapy for Contractures
Heat therapy can help relax tight muscles and improve circulation to the affected area. Using warm compresses or heating pads can be an effective way to prepare muscles for stretching and joint mobilization exercises.

Cold Therapy for Contractures
Cold therapy can help reduce inflammation and manage pain associated with contractures, particularly after physical activity or therapy. Ice packs or cold compresses can be applied to the affected area to control swelling and reduce discomfort.

Prevention of Contractures

Preventing contractures requires proactive measures, especially if you’re at risk due to immobility, neurological conditions, or a history of trauma. Here are some strategies to reduce the risk:

• Regular movement: For individuals who are bedridden or have limited mobility, regular repositioning and passive range-of-motion exercises can prevent muscles from becoming tight.
• Stretching: Consistent stretching of the muscles and tendons around the joints can maintain flexibility and prevent the onset of contractures.
• Physical therapy: Regular visits to a physiotherapist can help maintain joint mobility and muscle strength, reducing the chances of developing contractures.
• Use of assistive devices: In cases of neurological conditions or other mobility challenges, assistive devices such as splints, braces, or orthotic supports can help maintain proper joint alignment and prevent muscle shortening.

When to Seek Professional Help

While mild contractures can sometimes improve with self-care measures, more severe cases often require professional intervention. If you notice any of the following symptoms, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider:

• Severe pain or an inability to move the affected joint
• A significant decrease in the range of motion
• Persistent contractures despite home treatment efforts
• Changes in skin color or swelling around the affected area

Our team can help you manage contractures and improve your mobility with a range of therapeutic options tailored to your needs. Contact us today to find out more about how we can assist with your recovery.